Zirconia ceramics are white, yellow or gray when they contain impurities, and generally contain HfO2, which is not easy to separate. There are three crystal states of pure zirconia under normal pressure. The production of zirconia requires the preparation of powders with high purity, good dispersibility, ultrafine particles and narrow particle size distribution. There are many ways to prepare ultrafine zirconia powder. The purification of zirconia ceramics mainly includes chlorination thermal decomposition method, alkali metal oxidation decomposition method, lime melting method, plasma arc method, precipitation method, colloid method, hydrolysis method, spray pyrolysis method, etc.

In terms of structural ceramics , zirconia ceramics are widely used in the field of structural ceramics due to their high toughness, high flexural strength, high wear resistance, excellent heat insulation performance and thermal expansion coefficient close to steel. Mainly include: Y-TZP grinding balls, dispersing grinding media, nozzles, ball valve seats, zirconia molds, micro fan shafts, optical fiber pins, optical fiber sleeves, drawing dies and knives, wear-resistant knives, clothing buttons, watch cases and Watch straps, bracelets and pendants, ball bearings, golf putters and other room temperature wear parts, etc.

In terms of functional ceramics, its excellent high temperature resistance is used as induction heating tubes, refractory materials and heating elements. Zirconia ceramics have sensitive electrical parameters and are mainly used in the fields of oxygen sensors, solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) and high temperature heaters. Zirconia has a high refractive index (N-21 22). Adding certain coloring elements (V2O5, MoO3, Fe2O3, etc.) to make ultrafine zirconia powder can make it a translucent polycrystalline zirconia material with bright colors, shining like natural gemstones, and can be made into various decorations . In addition, zirconia is also widely used in thermal barrier coatings, catalyst carriers, medical treatment, health care, refractory materials, textiles and other fields.